3^rd International Conference on Plant Science & Physiology May 21-22, 2018 Osaka, Japan

Plant Science ranges from developing molecular techniques for genetic engineering to ecological research in the field of plant science. Ultimately the natural products wants to contribute to fundamental knowledge of basic biological processes related to development and health and the sustainable production of more healthy foods, flowers and high-value bio-based products.

Plant Genetics basically deals with heredity, especially the mechanisms of hereditary transmission and the variation of inherited characteristics among plant. Although there has been a revolution in the biological sciences in the past twenty years, there is still a great deal that remains to be discovered. The completion of the sequencing of the genomes of rice and some agriculturally and scientifically important plants (for example Physcomitrella patens) has increased the possibilities of plant genetic research immeasurably. Molecular biology is the study of biology and cell at a molecular level. It concerns itself with understanding the interactions between the various systems of a cell, including the interrelationship of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis, protein structure and learning how these interactions are regulated. Biomolecules, gene expression, gene regulation, biochemical pathways are the part of this.

Agriculture deals with in genetics, physiology, biochemistry, biophysics, and molecular biology, soil, biodiversity. Agriculture science is related to techniques, including the application of agronomic research. Horticulture is an area of agricultural Science having  the cultivation of medicinal plants, fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, herbs, sprouts, mushrooms, algae, flowers, seaweeds and non-food crops such as grass and ornamental trees and plants. Agricultural biotechnology is a specific area of agricultural science includes the use of scientific tools and techniques, including manipulation of genome, genetic markers, molecular diagnostics, vaccines, and plant biotechnology, to modify living organisms: plants, animals, and microorganisms.

Biodiversity and Evolution of Plants is interested in a number of different topics from phylogenetic and phytogeography to taxonomy. Biodiversity of plants ensures a resource for new food crops and medicines. Plant life balances ecosystems, protects watersheds, mitigates erosion, moderates climate, and provides shelter for many animal species. Due to the dependency on this relatively small number of crops for global food security, it will be critical to keep up a high genetic diversity within these crops to deal with increasing environmental stress and to provide farmers and researchers with opportunities to breed for crops that can be cultivated under unfavourable conditions, such as drought, salinity, flooding, poor soils and extreme temperatures. Plant conservation is an essential component of efforts for biodiversity conservation. As plants are at risk of extinction, in all parts of the world, their conservation is a priority.

Forest Science is a fundamental and applied research that explores all aspects of natural and social sciences as they apply to the function and management of the forested ecosystems of the world. Topics include silviculture, forest management, biometrics, economics, entomology & pathology, fire & fuels management, forest ecology, genetics & tree improvement, geospatial technologies, harvesting & utilization, landscape ecology, operations research, forest policy, physiology, recreation, social sciences, soils & hydrology, and wildlife management.

The significance of plants has been closed by researchers since ancient period. Apart from the multitudinous social advantages, much quality has been given to the plants of Medicinal values or restorative esteem. Dominant parts of the populace in creating nations accept on conventional arrangement of solution for their essential human services. Along these lines various research papers on each therapeutic or medicinal plant covering immense branches of knowledge like Botany, Chemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmacy and so forth are accessible. This will enable mainstream researchers to keep themselves to re-establish with the innovative work being executed for a specific Medicinal Plant. This specialist will likewise be a wellspring of ideal data for understudies, instructors, professionals every one of the individuals who are included in their proliferation and so forth.

The plants require water and minerals originated from the soil, while carbon dioxide originates from the air. Macronutrients and Micronutrients are the basic components required by plants. Soil quality is a major determinant of plant dispersion and development. Nitrogen is frequently the mineral that has the best impact on plant development. Plants require nitrogen as a segment of proteins, nucleic acids, chlorophyll. Natural nitrogen obsession (Biological nitrogen fixation) happens when barometrical nitrogen (atmospheric nitrogen) is changed over to Ammonia by a chemical/enzyme called nitrogenase. Soil science is the investigation of soil as a characteristic asset on the surface of the Earth including soil arrangement, characterization and mapping and soil disintegration or erosion.

Plant tissue culture is the growth of plant cells outermost an intact plant. It depends on maintaining plant tissue in lab conditions on a suitable nutrient medium. The culture can be sustained as a mass of undifferentiated cells for a broad area for a period of time, or regenerated into whole plants. The dissimilar techniques used in plant tissue culture. Plant tissue culture is mostly used to produce clones of a plant in a method known as micro-propagation with different stages. Plant Biotechnology is prominent in the field of medicine interfacing biotechnology and bioinformatics, the molecular characterization of medicinal plants; molecular farming; and result from chemistry, nanotechnology, pharmacology, agriculture, Biomass and biofuels as well. Plant Biotechnology is the technology which is used for getting modern product with high yield and at faster rate. 

The agronomic application of nanotechnology in plants (phytonanotechnology) has the potential to alter conventional plant production systems, allowing for the controlled release of agrochemicals (e.g., fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides) and target-specific delivery of biomolecules (e.g., nucleotides, proteins)

Plant pathology is the scientific discovery of diseases in plants caused by pathogens and environmental conditions. Organisms that cause viral disease include fungi, bacteria, viruses, viroids, virus-like organisms, phytoplasma, protozoa, nematodes and dependable plants. A plant considered undesirable, unattractive, or troublesome, especially one that grows where it is no need and often grows or spreads fast or takes the place of desired plants. It is an aquatic plant or alga, especially seaweed.

Plant breeding is the technology which is used for genetic modification, to place particular traits into plants. Molecular breeding such as marker assisted selection and doubled haploids are immensely useful techniques. A technique of Plant Breeding is utilized by the organic cultivation. 

Research includes broad areas of Ecology (Marine, Freshwater and Terrestrial), Behavioural Ecology; Ecophysiology, Animal Behaviour; Molecular Ecology, Conservation (including Conservation Genetics), Aquaculture, Systematics (both Molecular and Morphological), and Environmental Economics.

Research studies the different structures and functions of the cell and focuses mainly on the idea of the cell as the basic unit of life and cell as the smallest protoplasm capable of independent existence.

Systems Biology is an integrated approach to study collective behaviour of biological interactions. The emerging field of synthetic biology combines knowledge from various disciplines including molecular biology, engineering, mathematics, and physics to design and implement new cellular behaviours.

Plant morphology is all about with both the vegetative structures of plants, as well as the reproductive structures. It includes plant development, floral structure, pollination and fertilization. Plant morphology provides an overview of the science of deals with the external form of plants. Plant metabolism includes the complex of physical and chemical events of photosynthesis, respiration, and the process of natural compounds. Plant respiration is biochemical process in plants whereby specific substrates are oxidation with a subsequent release of carbon dioxide.

The Study of plant morphology, growth, metabolism and reproduction in living plants and also concerned with the plant morphology and some essential process such as photosynthesis, respiration, plant nutrition, plant hormone functions, tropisms, nastic movements, photo-morphogenesis, environmental physiology (plant diseases), seed germination, dormancy and stomata function and transpiration, plant water relations. Plant biochemistry is related to molecular science such as macromolecules and plant metabolisms, Biomolecules, carbohydrates, amoni acid, lipids.

Crop and Pasteur science is the study of the world's major food, feed, turf, and fiber crops, and their environment. It is a broad discipline encompassing breeding, genetics production, and management. The primary focus is broad-scale cereals, grain legumes, oilseeds and pastures.  

Agricultural science is a broad multidisciplinary field of biology that encompasses the parts of Plant Breeding and Genetics ,Plant Pathology ,Horticulture ,Soil Science ,Entomology Prevention and correction of adverse environmental effects and Food production and demand on a global basis that are used in the practice and understanding of agriculture. Food Science is a field of study involving microbiology, nutrition, chemistry, biochemistry and engineering to give one the scientific knowledge to solve real problems associated with the many facets of the food system.

postharvest handling is the stage of crop production immediately following harvest, including cooling, cleaning, sorting and packing. The instant a crop is removed from the ground, or separated from its parent plant, it begins to deteriorate. Postharvest treatment largely determines final quality, whether a crop is sold for fresh consumption, or used as an ingredient in a processed food product.