Plant Science & Physiology

Plant and agricultural Biotechnology

Plant and Agricultural biotechnology are specific area of plant science involving the use of scientific tools and techniques, including genetic engineering, molecular markers, molecular diagnosis, vaccines, and tissue culture to modify living organisms: plant, animal and microorganism. Agricultural biotechnology is majorly used to alter the genome sequence of crops and those crops can be termed as transgenic or genetically modified crops. This helps to increase crop yield and good food quality. The agricultural biotechnology market has been classified based on applications into transgenic crops and synthetic biology-enabled products and tools. Agricultural biotechnology comprises Agriculture genetics and Plant breeding, Agronomy , Agricultural Extension, Agricultural engineering and technology, hybrid seed technology, Agricultural risk management, Modelling tools in agricultural DSS (Decision Support System). Plant breeding is the process of using two parent plants to create an “offspring” plant. It involves manipulation of plant species in order to create desired genotypes and phenotypes for specific purposes. Manipulation involves either controlled pollination, genetic engineering, or both, followed by artificial selection of progeny. Using conventional plant breeding technology agriculture productivity is increased.